Method: how every number on this site is produced
Three kinds of numbers live on this site, and each has a different standard of proof. This page is the contract.
1. AP exam structures & score distributions — official, exact
Section weights, question counts, timing and exam dates are taken from College Board's official course and exam pages, checked subject by subject in November 2026 and re-checked each season. Score distributions are College Board's official published results (2026 shown at launch: global cohort, rounded percentages). Where official pages disagree with each other — it happens, for example with a few published section weights that total 98.5% or 101% — we show the weights as published, normalize them in the math, and say so on the page.
2. AP score estimates — modeled, labeled, never hidden
The College Board does not publish the composite cut score for a 5, a 4, or any score, and it re-sets them after every exam based on that year's performance. Every score calculator on the internet — including the big ones — is therefore estimating. Here is exactly how ours does it, so you can judge it:
- Your composite is exact: each section's percent earned, weighted by the official section weights, summed out of 100. No estimation in this step.
- For the 1–5 conversion we back-calculate estimated cutoffs from the subject's official score distribution. If 20% of students earned a 5, the estimated "5" cutoff is the composite score that the top 20% of a typical cohort reaches. We model the cohort's composites as roughly normally spread (mean 50, standard deviation 18 — the spread that best matches the scoring worksheets College Board has released for past exams) and read the cutoffs off that curve.
- Results within 4 composite points of the next cutoff are flagged as borderline, because year-to-year the real cutoff moves by about that much.
Known limits. The model is roughest for world-language subjects with large heritage-speaker cohorts (their score distributions are bimodal, not bell-shaped) and for very selective subjects. It is a planning tool — good enough to decide where to spend your next ten practice hours, never a promise. Subjects with no official distribution — in 2027, the brand-new Business with Personal Finance and Cybersecurity exams and the Networking pilot — show composite only. We do not invent scores for them.
3. Credit policies & school GPA rules — sourced, dated, confirmed by you
Credit policies come from the College Board's AP Credit Policy Search database (exported November 2026) and each result links to the school's own policy page. That database carries each school's general policy; department-level exceptions exist and are the reason we verify schools by hand before publishing a school page. School GPA-rule pages are only published when the rules were read on the school's own catalog or registrar pages, with the source link and verification date on the page. Until a school is hand-verified, only its general credit data appears in search — never a generated school page.
Corrections
Errors get fixed in the open: every correction is recorded on the corrections log with what changed, when, and the source that proved it. Report one at hello@apcredithub.com.